The Souls Of Black Folk Essays - Reconstruction Era, Free Essays

The Souls Of Black Folk Essays - Reconstruction Era, Free Essays The Souls of Black Folk by W.E.B. Du Bois Du Bois was one of those people who studied and learned a lot of things about the world, a lot of things that he found to be extremely unjust. This became his source of energy for becoming an intellectual guide for America, warning it of "the 20th century color problem" and suggesting sound and rational courses of action for the country to take. His contention was expressed lyrically and with passion in The Souls of Black Folk that he wrote in 1903. His main philosophy was that an educated black elite should lead blacks to liberation. This deviated sharply with the emphasis by Booker T. Washington that industrial training for blacks and virtual silence on the questions of social and political equality. Washington?s ideas fitted well with the views of many conservative whites but were opposed by many black leaders, among them Du Bois. While writing The Souls of Black Folk, Du Bois declared that "the problem of the Twentieth Century is the problem of the color line"and predicted the racial conflicts that continue to plague our society. As up and coming spokesperson for the African-Americans in the early 1900?s in the age of white dominance, Du Bois urged the establishment of an "all-black party" and preached the need for black "conscious self- realization" and for the separate autonomy of the black community. At the same time he stressed the white man's responsibility for correcting racial inequality and pleaded for mutual understanding, for a nonviolent solution to a centuries-old dilemma. The first few chapters cover the Freedman?s Bureau and Booker T. Washington?s philosophical applications on equality of the African-American. Du Bois creates a hybrid form of expression in The Souls of Black Folk, this is covered in chapter three. Du Bois uses this mode of writing to question American definitions of racial identity and difference and the political implications of these definitions. He then utilizes this turn-of-the-century ambiguity in definitions of race in order to argue for the necessity of recognizing, accepting, and utilizing the ethnic and racial diversity of the American people. In doing so, Du Bois uses racist positions in order to argue against racism. In The Souls of Black Folk, Du Bois created a text of mixture that incorporated fiction, musical notation, poetry, memoir, and history in order to establish for himself a multi-cultural audience of blacks and whites who he encourages to question the validity of racial discrimination and to! take political action to further the cause of social equality for members of non-white races. Du Bois was opposed to Booker T. Washington but this book brings out the reasons why. Du Bois stood in opposition to Washington because: had a program that was narrow. Washington?s philosophy was that African-Americans would only survive through submission and believed they should stick to manual work and try to join the American consumer mentality in that way. Du Bois maintained that it was not only unjust, but illogical for the white community to continue attempting to thrust the blame for the black man's condition solely on to the shoulders of the former slaves. The blame was shared by both races, but it was up to the whites as the economically and politically stronger of the two to initiate the necessary steps involved in correcting the situation. The way for a people to gain respect is not continually belittling and ridiculing themselves; that, on the contrary, all African-Americans must insist continually, in season and out of season, that voting is necessary to modern manhood. That color discrimination is barbarism, and a disease. And he presented the problem to the white man in a way he could understand. You can't help but notice a type of intellectual disgust for the South on the part of Du Bois in this book. He intellectually browbeats them throughout the book, at times quite obviously. Being raised in a wealthy New England home and having studied at Harvard and in Europe, Du Bois could not identify personally with the majority of the poor blacks in the South. The position of African-American?s will need to assert itself in that day when increasing wealth and more intricate social organization prevent the

Be Sure Your School or Program Is Accredited

Be Sure Your School or Program Is Accredited Accreditation is recognition that an educational institution has a certain standard of quality that other reputable organizations will honor. There are two kinds of accreditation: institutional and specialized. Institutional refers to the entire school. Specialized, or programmatic, refers to specific programs within an institution. When you see that a program or institution is accredited, don’t accept that it is accredited by a reputable agency. Check it out. Make sure you can trust online programs. Be careful not to spend money on programs accredited by agencies not on the following list. They may be okay, but caution and good sense is recommended. When a program offers you a diploma in a matter of days, red flags are blowing. The U.S. Department of Education has the authority and responsibility of recognizing accrediting agencies that can be trusted. Here is their list as of May 1, 2009: Regional Accrediting Agencies Middle States Association of Colleges and Schools, Commission on Higher EducationMiddle States Commission on Secondary SchoolsNew England Association of Schools and Colleges, Commission on Institutions of Higher EducationNew England Association of Schools and Colleges, Commission on Technical and Career InstitutionsNew York State Board of Regents, State Education Department, Office of the Professions (Public Postsecondary Vocational Education, Practical Nursing)North Central Association Commission on Accreditation and School Improvement, Board of TrusteesNorth Central Association of Colleges and Schools, The Higher Learning CommissionNorthwest Commission on Colleges and UniversitiesOklahoma Board of Career and Technology EducationOklahoma State Regents for Higher EducationPennsylvania State Board of Vocational Education, Bureau of Career and Technical EducationPuerto Rico State Agency for the Approval of Public 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Commissioner of EducationTransnational Association of Christian Colleges and Schools, Accreditation Commission Hybrid Accrediting Agencies Accreditation Commission for Acupuncture and Oriental MedicineAccrediting Bureau of Health Education SchoolsAmerican Academy for Liberal EducationAmerican Bar Association, Council of the Section of Legal Education and Admissions to the BarAmerican Board of Funeral Service Education, Committee on AccreditationAmerican College of Nurse-Midwives, Division of AccreditationAmerican Dietetic Association, Commission on Accreditation for Dietetics EducationAmerican Osteopathic Association, Commission on Osteopathic College AccreditationAmerican Podiatric Medical Association, Council on Podiatric Medical EducationCommission on Accrediting of the Association of Theological SchoolsCommission on Massage Therapy AccreditationCouncil on Accreditation of Nurse Anesthesia Educational ProgramsCouncil on Chiropractic EducationJoint Review Committee on Education in Radiologic TechnologyMidwifery Education Accreditation CouncilMontessori Accreditation Council for Teacher Education, Commission on Accredi tationNational Association of Schools of Art and Design, Commission on AccreditationNational Association of Schools of Dance, Commission on AccreditationNational Association of Schools of Music, Commission on Accreditation, Commission on Community/Junior College AccreditationNational Association of Schools of Theatre, Commission on AccreditationNational League for Nursing Accrediting Commission Programmatic Accrediting Agencies Accreditation Council for Pharmacy EducationAmerican Association for Marriage and Family Therapy, Commission on Accreditation for Marriage and Family Therapy EducationAmerican Dental Association, Commission on Dental AccreditationAmerican Occupational Therapy Association, Accreditation Council for Occupational Therapy EducationAmerican Optometric Association, Accreditation Council on Optometric EducationAmerican Physical 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Council for Accreditation of Teacher EducationNew York State Board of Regents, State Education Department, Office of the Professions (Nursing Education)North Dakota Board of NursingTeacher Education Accreditation Council, Accreditation Committee